The term “integrity” comes from the Latin word “integritas,” which means “wholeness” or “completeness.” This is derived from the Latin roots “integer” meaning “whole” or “untouched,” and “-itas,” a suffix denoting a state or condition.
1. Proto-Indo-European (PIE)
The PIE root “*tag-” means “to touch” or “to handle.”
2. Latin
From the PIE root, the Latin word “integer” developed, meaning “whole” or “untouched.” The noun “integritas” combines “integer” (whole) and “-itas” (state or condition), meaning “wholeness” or “soundness.”
3. Old French (c. 9th to 14th century CE)
The Latin term “integritas” evolved into Old French “integrité,” meaning “purity” or “honesty.”
4. Middle English (c. 11th to 15th century CE)
The Old French “integrité” was adopted into Middle English as “integrite,” meaning “moral soundness” or “honesty.”
5. Modern English (from 15th century CE to present)
The term “integrity” evolved into its current form and pronunciation, retaining the meaning of “the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.”
Phonetic Evolution
Over time, the pronunciation of “integrity” changed to its current form.
Usage Examples
- “His integrity was never in question.”
- “Another example of ‘integrity’ in a sentence is ‘The company’s integrity is reflected in its fair business practices.'”
Cultural or Historical Notes
The development of the word “integrity” was significantly influenced by societal and philosophical values that emphasized moral soundness and honesty, which contributed to its current meaning and usage.
The word “integrity” reflects the state of being whole and morally sound, emphasizing the importance of honesty and strong moral principles in human character and behavior.